{"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?page=77978","prev":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?page=77977","next":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?page=77979","last":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?page=78048"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":77978,"next_page":77979,"prev_page":77977,"total_pages":78048,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":779770,"total_count":780474,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref4130_k3g","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell, 2005 July 12","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref4130_k3g#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref4130_k3g","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref4130_k3g","aspace_ref4130_k3g"],"id":"RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref4130_k3g","title_filing_ssi":"Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell","title_ssm":["Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2005 July 12"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2005 July 12"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell, 2005 July 12"],"text":["Zell Miller: Mansion Fund follow-up; Cardwell, 2005 July 12","item UC RBRL/057/DPG/VHS 0058","RBRL057DPGAV000316 "],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["RBRL057DPG","aspace_ref3099_l4c","aspace_ref3780_8da"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref3780_8da","parent_ids_ssim":["RBRL057DPG","RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref3099_l4c","RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref3780_8da"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records, 1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014","Series VII. 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Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["item UC RBRL/057/DPG/VHS 0058"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003eRBRL057DPGAV000316 \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["RBRL057DPGAV000316 "],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#2/components#114","_nest_parent_":"RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref3780_8da","_root_":"RBRL057DPG","timestamp":"2026-04-22T05:23:25.427Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL057DPG","title_ssm":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records"],"title_tesim":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL057DPG","unitdate_ssm":["1960-2014","1968-2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1968-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL057DPG"],"text":["RBRL057DPG","Democratic Party of Georgia Records, 1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014","Georgia -- Politics and government.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Political conventions -- United States.","Political conventions -- Georgia.","Political parties -- Georgia.","Political participation -- Georgia.","The records are arranged into two records groups: Record Group I: 1960-2007 and Record Group II: 2012-2015. \nRecord Group I is arranged into eight series: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV.t Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, VII. Audiovisual Materials, and Series VIII. Websites.\nRecords Group II is arragned into five series: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates.","The Democratic Party of Georgia was the major political power in the state from the era of  Reconstruction until the twenty-first century. For over one hundred years the Georgia Democratic Party was a predominantly conservative political organization dedicated to electing members to state and national offices. The Democratic Party of Georgia exercised almost complete control over the legislature and constitutional offices and was the most powerful political influence in the creation of state policies and laws in the state during the twentieth century.","The Democratic Party of Georgia Records (1960-2014) cover an historic period of Democratic domination in state politics. While the party was organized centrally at state party headquarters, they exercised their political power with a very lean organizational structure. The bulk of the collection (1968-1990) is comprised of records created and accumulated by officials and staff of the DPG. The records for Record Group I are arranged in seven series that represent the functions and organization of the party: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV. Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, and VII. Audiovisual Materials. The records for Record Group II follow a similar outline: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates.","In 1975, the Democrats weathered major organizational changes and convened its first ever Charter Convention, where they codified policies, outlined new goals, and drafted new rules for delegate selection. In the late 1970s, all county committees were charged with reorganizing according to the rules of the new state charter; other changes loosened the ties to state government and the role of the governor in the party. The Democratic Party was an organization with power dispersed throughout the state. Organizations at the local level like county, district, and regional committees interacted with the state party and these relationships are well-documented in the Democratic Party of Georgia Records. The State Democratic Executive Committee, the State Democratic Committee of Georgia, Standing Committees, Special Committees, Democratic County Committees, and Precinct Coordinators all had important roles in making the party function in power.","Democratic Party of Georgia Chairmen","The Democratic Party of Georgia elects its Chairman at state party conventions every four years in gubernatorial election years. ","\n1966-1970    James Gray","1970-1972    David Gambrell","1972-1974    Charles Kirbo","1974-1978    Marge Thurman","1978-1982    Marge Thurman","1982        Al Holloway (Interim Chairman)","1982-1986    Bert Lance","1986-1990    John Henry Anderson","1990-1994    Ed Sims","1994-1998    John Blackmon","1998-2001    David Worley","2001-2004    Calvin Smyre","2004-2006    Bobby Kahn","2006-2010    Jane Kidd","2010-2013    Mike Berlon","2013-2019    DuBose Porter","2019-current Nikema Williams","Processing of the Democratic Party of Georgia Records was completed as part of the year-long Georgia Political Parties Detailed Processing Project funded by a generous grant of up to $58,777 from the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission  (NHPRC).","Georgia State Democratic Executive Committee Files\n Robert M. Willingham Democratic Party of Georgia Files Maxine S. Goldstein Papers Melba R. Williams Papers Wood and Associates Political Advertising Media","The Democratic Party of Georgia Records document party organization and activities in the state and consist of records accumulated by DPG officials, staff, and working committees. Included are administrative and financial records, convention materials, committee files, and photographs.  ","Record Group I:1960-2007\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials from different areas of the party's organization- finance, county and district, committees and conventions, in addition to administrative correspondence and memos to and from the Chairman and Executive Directors that date from 1965 to 2006. Series II. County and District Files contain materials related to county and district events and committees and dates from 1966 to 1995. Series III. Finance includes general finance materials related to the organization and state and federal campaign disclosure reports that date from 1960 to 2003. Series IV. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and include state party convention proceedings, national convention materials, and local and state committee records that date from 1962 to 1991. Series V. Campaigns and Elections records date from 1995 to 2004 and are digital records only and contain campaign files that include budgets, strategy documents, mailings and advertisements, and voting statistics. Series VI. Photographs and Ephemera contains the photographs of the Democratic Party of Georgia from 1970 to 2004 and document significant events, individuals, campaigns, and annual fundraisers. Series VII. Audiovisual Materials contains over 500 individual items that date from 1976 to 2008 and include campaign advertisements, local news clips and programming, and AV recordings of significant events for the Democratic Party of Georgia. AV items that have been digitzed can be viewed on the  Democratic Party of Georgia Records playlist  on YouTube. ","Record Group II:2012-2015\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials related to the operations of the party's organization. Series II. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and includes documents on the executive committee, the state committee, county committees, the 2010 and 2014 state conventions, and the 2012 national convention. Series III. Campaigns and Elections documents various democratic elections and campaigns from 2000-2014. Series IV. Audiovisual Materials contains DVDs of the State Democratic Convention. ","Georgia Democratic Party Forum Records, Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA South Carolina Democratic Party Collection, Ernest F. Hollings Special Collections Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC ","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Democratic Party of Georgia Records include materials from the political organization related to the running of the state party, including materials related to administrative and financial departments, committee files, convention materials, and photographs. The records date from 1960 to 2014 with bulk dates from 1968-1995.","Democratic Party of Georgia"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL057DPG"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records, 1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014"],"collection_title_tesim":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records, 1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014"],"collection_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia Records, 1960-2014, bulk 1968-2014"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"creator_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"creators_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Georgia -- Politics and government.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Political conventions -- United States.","Political conventions -- Georgia.","Political parties -- Georgia.","Political participation -- Georgia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Georgia -- Politics and government.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Political conventions -- United States.","Political conventions -- Georgia.","Political parties -- Georgia.","Political participation -- Georgia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["73 box(es) (68 linear feet), 6.2 gigabytes, and 579 audiovisual items"],"extent_tesim":["73 box(es) (68 linear feet), 6.2 gigabytes, and 579 audiovisual items"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost series contain digital files. To access these files, please request the folders you would like through the finding aid using your \u003cextref actuate=\"onload\" href=\"https://uga.aeon.atlas-sys.com/aeon/\" show=\"new\"\u003eresearch account\u003c/extref\u003e. An archivist will be in contact with you to explain how to access the files. Please note that not all file formats are currently supported by the library for research use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome digital files in this collection must be reviewed for voter names prior to research use.  These files are identified with an access note after the file title.  Please request these files 3 business days prior to requiring access to the files to allow time for this review.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains personal identifiable information that has been restricted until 2098 to safeguard information that identifies private individuals.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Note","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. ","Most series contain digital files. To access these files, please request the folders you would like through the finding aid using your  research account . An archivist will be in contact with you to explain how to access the files. Please note that not all file formats are currently supported by the library for research use.","Some digital files in this collection must be reviewed for voter names prior to research use.  These files are identified with an access note after the file title.  Please request these files 3 business days prior to requiring access to the files to allow time for this review.","This collection contains personal identifiable information that has been restricted until 2098 to safeguard information that identifies private individuals."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are arranged into two records groups: Record Group I: 1960-2007 and Record Group II: 2012-2015. \nRecord Group I is arranged into eight series: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV.t Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, VII. Audiovisual Materials, and Series VIII. Websites.\nRecords Group II is arragned into five series: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are arranged into two records groups: Record Group I: 1960-2007 and Record Group II: 2012-2015. \nRecord Group I is arranged into eight series: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV.t Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, VII. Audiovisual Materials, and Series VIII. Websites.\nRecords Group II is arragned into five series: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party of Georgia was the major political power in the state from the era of  Reconstruction until the twenty-first century. For over one hundred years the Georgia Democratic Party was a predominantly conservative political organization dedicated to electing members to state and national offices. The Democratic Party of Georgia exercised almost complete control over the legislature and constitutional offices and was the most powerful political influence in the creation of state policies and laws in the state during the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party of Georgia Records (1960-2014) cover an historic period of Democratic domination in state politics. While the party was organized centrally at state party headquarters, they exercised their political power with a very lean organizational structure. The bulk of the collection (1968-1990) is comprised of records created and accumulated by officials and staff of the DPG. The records for Record Group I are arranged in seven series that represent the functions and organization of the party: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV. Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, and VII. Audiovisual Materials. The records for Record Group II follow a similar outline: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1975, the Democrats weathered major organizational changes and convened its first ever Charter Convention, where they codified policies, outlined new goals, and drafted new rules for delegate selection. In the late 1970s, all county committees were charged with reorganizing according to the rules of the new state charter; other changes loosened the ties to state government and the role of the governor in the party. The Democratic Party was an organization with power dispersed throughout the state. Organizations at the local level like county, district, and regional committees interacted with the state party and these relationships are well-documented in the Democratic Party of Georgia Records. The State Democratic Executive Committee, the State Democratic Committee of Georgia, Standing Committees, Special Committees, Democratic County Committees, and Precinct Coordinators all had important roles in making the party function in power.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Chairmen\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party of Georgia elects its Chairman at state party conventions every four years in gubernatorial election years. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n1966-1970    James Gray\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1970-1972    David Gambrell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1972-1974    Charles Kirbo\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1974-1978    Marge Thurman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1978-1982    Marge Thurman\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1982        Al Holloway (Interim Chairman)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1982-1986    Bert Lance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1986-1990    John Henry Anderson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1990-1994    Ed Sims\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1994-1998    John Blackmon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1998-2001    David Worley\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2001-2004    Calvin Smyre\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2004-2006    Bobby Kahn\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2006-2010    Jane Kidd\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2010-2013    Mike Berlon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2013-2019    DuBose Porter\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2019-current Nikema Williams\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Democratic Party of Georgia was the major political power in the state from the era of  Reconstruction until the twenty-first century. For over one hundred years the Georgia Democratic Party was a predominantly conservative political organization dedicated to electing members to state and national offices. The Democratic Party of Georgia exercised almost complete control over the legislature and constitutional offices and was the most powerful political influence in the creation of state policies and laws in the state during the twentieth century.","The Democratic Party of Georgia Records (1960-2014) cover an historic period of Democratic domination in state politics. While the party was organized centrally at state party headquarters, they exercised their political power with a very lean organizational structure. The bulk of the collection (1968-1990) is comprised of records created and accumulated by officials and staff of the DPG. The records for Record Group I are arranged in seven series that represent the functions and organization of the party: I. Administrative, II. County and District, III. Finance, IV. Committees and Conventions, V. Campaigns and Elections, VI. Photographs and Ephemera, and VII. Audiovisual Materials. The records for Record Group II follow a similar outline: I. Administrative, II. Committees and Conventions, III. Campaigns and Elections, IV. Audiovisual Materials, V. Delegates.","In 1975, the Democrats weathered major organizational changes and convened its first ever Charter Convention, where they codified policies, outlined new goals, and drafted new rules for delegate selection. In the late 1970s, all county committees were charged with reorganizing according to the rules of the new state charter; other changes loosened the ties to state government and the role of the governor in the party. The Democratic Party was an organization with power dispersed throughout the state. Organizations at the local level like county, district, and regional committees interacted with the state party and these relationships are well-documented in the Democratic Party of Georgia Records. The State Democratic Executive Committee, the State Democratic Committee of Georgia, Standing Committees, Special Committees, Democratic County Committees, and Precinct Coordinators all had important roles in making the party function in power.","Democratic Party of Georgia Chairmen","The Democratic Party of Georgia elects its Chairman at state party conventions every four years in gubernatorial election years. ","\n1966-1970    James Gray","1970-1972    David Gambrell","1972-1974    Charles Kirbo","1974-1978    Marge Thurman","1978-1982    Marge Thurman","1982        Al Holloway (Interim Chairman)","1982-1986    Bert Lance","1986-1990    John Henry Anderson","1990-1994    Ed Sims","1994-1998    John Blackmon","1998-2001    David Worley","2001-2004    Calvin Smyre","2004-2006    Bobby Kahn","2006-2010    Jane Kidd","2010-2013    Mike Berlon","2013-2019    DuBose Porter","2019-current Nikema Williams"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://guides.libs.uga.edu/politicalparties\"\u003eArchival Research: Political Parties at the Richard B. Russell Library\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Guides"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Archival Research: Political Parties at the Richard B. Russell Library ."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of the Democratic Party of Georgia Records was completed as part of the year-long Georgia Political Parties Detailed Processing Project funded by a generous grant of up to $58,777 from the \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://www.archives.gov/nhprc/\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission\u003c/extref\u003e (NHPRC).\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing of the Democratic Party of Georgia Records was completed as part of the year-long Georgia Political Parties Detailed Processing Project funded by a generous grant of up to $58,777 from the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission  (NHPRC)."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL087GSDEC-ead\"\u003eGeorgia State Democratic Executive Committee Files\n\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL225RMW-ead\"\u003eRobert M. Willingham Democratic Party of Georgia Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL158MSG-ead\"\u003eMaxine S. Goldstein Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL159MW-ead\"\u003eMelba R. Williams Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL211WA-ead\"\u003eWood and Associates Political Advertising Media\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Georgia State Democratic Executive Committee Files\n Robert M. Willingham Democratic Party of Georgia Files Maxine S. Goldstein Papers Melba R. Williams Papers Wood and Associates Political Advertising Media"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Democratic Party of Georgia Records document party organization and activities in the state and consist of records accumulated by DPG officials, staff, and working committees. Included are administrative and financial records, convention materials, committee files, and photographs.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecord Group I:1960-2007\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials from different areas of the party's organization- finance, county and district, committees and conventions, in addition to administrative correspondence and memos to and from the Chairman and Executive Directors that date from 1965 to 2006. Series II. County and District Files contain materials related to county and district events and committees and dates from 1966 to 1995. Series III. Finance includes general finance materials related to the organization and state and federal campaign disclosure reports that date from 1960 to 2003. Series IV. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and include state party convention proceedings, national convention materials, and local and state committee records that date from 1962 to 1991. Series V. Campaigns and Elections records date from 1995 to 2004 and are digital records only and contain campaign files that include budgets, strategy documents, mailings and advertisements, and voting statistics. Series VI. Photographs and Ephemera contains the photographs of the Democratic Party of Georgia from 1970 to 2004 and document significant events, individuals, campaigns, and annual fundraisers. Series VII. Audiovisual Materials contains over 500 individual items that date from 1976 to 2008 and include campaign advertisements, local news clips and programming, and AV recordings of significant events for the Democratic Party of Georgia. AV items that have been digitzed can be viewed on the \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL170TPia9yaE5SW_shbn-ymX56_h3FCMw\" show=\"new\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Records playlist\u003c/extref\u003e on YouTube. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecord Group II:2012-2015\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials related to the operations of the party's organization. Series II. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and includes documents on the executive committee, the state committee, county committees, the 2010 and 2014 state conventions, and the 2012 national convention. Series III. Campaigns and Elections documents various democratic elections and campaigns from 2000-2014. Series IV. Audiovisual Materials contains DVDs of the State Democratic Convention. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Democratic Party of Georgia Records document party organization and activities in the state and consist of records accumulated by DPG officials, staff, and working committees. Included are administrative and financial records, convention materials, committee files, and photographs.  ","Record Group I:1960-2007\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials from different areas of the party's organization- finance, county and district, committees and conventions, in addition to administrative correspondence and memos to and from the Chairman and Executive Directors that date from 1965 to 2006. Series II. County and District Files contain materials related to county and district events and committees and dates from 1966 to 1995. Series III. Finance includes general finance materials related to the organization and state and federal campaign disclosure reports that date from 1960 to 2003. Series IV. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and include state party convention proceedings, national convention materials, and local and state committee records that date from 1962 to 1991. Series V. Campaigns and Elections records date from 1995 to 2004 and are digital records only and contain campaign files that include budgets, strategy documents, mailings and advertisements, and voting statistics. Series VI. Photographs and Ephemera contains the photographs of the Democratic Party of Georgia from 1970 to 2004 and document significant events, individuals, campaigns, and annual fundraisers. Series VII. Audiovisual Materials contains over 500 individual items that date from 1976 to 2008 and include campaign advertisements, local news clips and programming, and AV recordings of significant events for the Democratic Party of Georgia. AV items that have been digitzed can be viewed on the  Democratic Party of Georgia Records playlist  on YouTube. ","Record Group II:2012-2015\nSeries I. Administrative contains materials related to the operations of the party's organization. Series II. Committees and Conventions is a combined series and includes documents on the executive committee, the state committee, county committees, the 2010 and 2014 state conventions, and the 2012 national convention. Series III. Campaigns and Elections documents various democratic elections and campaigns from 2000-2014. Series IV. Audiovisual Materials contains DVDs of the State Democratic Convention. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/findingaids/id/1961\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Democratic Party Forum Records, Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://library.sc.edu/file/228\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eSouth Carolina Democratic Party Collection, Ernest F. Hollings Special Collections Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC \u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Georgia Democratic Party Forum Records, Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA South Carolina Democratic Party Collection, Ernest F. Hollings Special Collections Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information "],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_889b32d6668b651252ecdb82958f0369\"\u003eThe Democratic Party of Georgia Records include materials from the political organization related to the running of the state party, including materials related to administrative and financial departments, committee files, convention materials, and photographs. The records date from 1960 to 2014 with bulk dates from 1968-1995.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Democratic Party of Georgia Records include materials from the political organization related to the running of the state party, including materials related to administrative and financial departments, committee files, convention materials, and photographs. The records date from 1960 to 2014 with bulk dates from 1968-1995."],"names_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"persname_ssim":["Democratic Party of Georgia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3610,"online_item_count_is":4,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"RBRL057DPG","timestamp":"2026-04-22T05:23:25.427Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL057DPG_aspace_ref4130_k3g"}},{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref1602_ygf","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zell Miller Master, 1989 January 2","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref1602_ygf#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref1602_ygf","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref1602_ygf","aspace_ref1602_ygf"],"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref1602_ygf","title_filing_ssi":"Zell Miller Master","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Master"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Master"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1989 January 2"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989 January 2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Master, 1989 January 2"],"text":["Zell Miller Master, 1989 January 2","box Umatic 0001","item ZM Umatic 0002","32108050294076"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IX","aspace_ref13_hct"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref13_hct","parent_ids_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IX","RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref13_hct"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006","IX. 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Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box Umatic 0001","item ZM Umatic 0002"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050294076\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050294076"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#529","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref13_hct","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IX","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IX","unitdate_ssm":["1974-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IX","Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials","Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3522 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["3522 item(s)"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThough this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Though this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eThomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eCharles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eHelen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ddb1ddc12eae21c2730c12b7b09d61c3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. 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Persons wishing to reproduce materials in the Russell Library collections should consult the Director. Reproduction or quotation of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box CS 0048","item MC CS 0090"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Resource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSound recording.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Sound recording."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050536625\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050536625"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4/components#1","_nest_parent_":"RBRL157MC_X_aspace_ref2502_691","_root_":"RBRL157MC_X","timestamp":"2026-04-22T05:55:15.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL157MC_X","title_ssm":["Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials"],"title_tesim":["Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL157MC_X","unitdate_ssm":["1975-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL157MC_X"],"text":["RBRL157MC_X","Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials, 1975-2008","Small business -- Law and legislation -- United States.","United States -- Armed Forces","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975.","Politicians -- Georgia.","Audiovisual materials","Max Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials is arranged into 9 subseries: A. Campaigns, B. Committees and Hearings, C. Public Appearances, D. Public Service Announcements, E. Georgia Secretary of State, F. United States Veterans Administration, G. Vietnam, H. Political, and I. Personal.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Max Cleland Papers: Collection Summary .","Max Cleland was born in 1942 in Atlanta, Georgia.  He earned a B.A. from Stetson University and a M.A. in history from Emory University in 1968.  After one year at Emory, he joined the Army to fight in the Vietnam War, reaching the rank of captain.  He served from 1965 to 1968, when he was injured by a grenade and lost both legs and his right arm.","Cleland began a life-long career in politics when he was elected to the Georgia state senate in 1970, the youngest member ever elected.  He served as a consultant to Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs (1975-1977) and was appointed head of the Veterans Administration in 1977 by President Carter.  He was the first Vietnam veteran to hold that post.","Following the end of Carter's presidential term, Cleland returned to Georgia and was elected as Georgia Secretary of State in 1982.  In this position, he was responsible for enforcing regulations related to commerce, industry and licensing in the state, maintaining the state's records, and overseeing elections.  He was re-elected for three more terms.  He resigned during the fourth term to run for U.S. Senate to replace retiring senator Sam Nunn.\nCleland, a Democrat, was elected to the Senate in 1996.  Among his contributions were working on campaign finance reform, military policy (including advocating caution with U.S. peacekeeping efforts in the Balkans), taxes, commerce, improved conditions for armed services personnel, maintaining a competitive air travel industry, and voting reform.  He was also part of a bipartisan panel that investigated the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the U.S.  Cleland represented Georgia in the Senate until 2002, when he lost a close race to Saxby Chambliss.","After leaving the Senate, Cleland has remained active in politics, campaigning for Democrats and giving motivational speeches around the country.  Since 2009, he has served as Secretary of the American Battle Monuments Commission.","Source:   Grant, Chris. \"Max Cleland (b. 1942).\" New Georgia Encyclopedia. 26 August 2013. Web. 17 April 2014. \n","Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection, ROGP 079 Max Cleland Zell Miller Papers","The Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002). Common subjects include public appearances, political campaigns, the military, veterans, small businesses, and the Vietnam War.","Max Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials includes 31 betacam videocassettes, 5 betamax videocassettes, 19 CDs, 189 audiocassettes, five DVC Pro videocassettes, 8 DVDs, 2 MiniDV videocassettes, 1 phonodisc, 1 quarter-inch open reel audio tape, three super 8mm films, 62 Umatic videocassettes, 491 VHS videocassettes, one one-inch open reel video tape, and ten 8mm videocassettes.","Max Cleland Papers at  the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library \u0026 Museum  Max Cleland Collection at Stetson University Special Collections","It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to reproduce material for publication. Persons wishing to reproduce materials in the Russell Library collections should consult the Director. Reproduction or quotation of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002).","United States. Veterans Administration","Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL157MC_X"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975-2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials, 1975-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials, 1975-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Max Cleland Papers, Series X. Audiovisual Materials, 1975-2008"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"creator_ssim":["Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"creators_ssim":["Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"access_terms_ssm":["It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to reproduce material for publication. Persons wishing to reproduce materials in the Russell Library collections should consult the Director. Reproduction or quotation of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Small business -- Law and legislation -- United States.","United States -- Armed Forces","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975.","Politicians -- Georgia.","Audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Small business -- Law and legislation -- United States.","United States -- Armed Forces","Political campaigns -- Georgia.","Vietnam War, 1961-1975.","Politicians -- Georgia.","Audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["969 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["969 item(s)"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThough the collection is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recordings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Though the collection is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recordings."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMax Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials is arranged into 9 subseries: A. Campaigns, B. Committees and Hearings, C. Public Appearances, D. Public Service Announcements, E. Georgia Secretary of State, F. United States Veterans Administration, G. Vietnam, H. Political, and I. Personal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL157MC.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eMax Cleland Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Max Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials is arranged into 9 subseries: A. Campaigns, B. Committees and Hearings, C. Public Appearances, D. Public Service Announcements, E. Georgia Secretary of State, F. United States Veterans Administration, G. Vietnam, H. Political, and I. Personal.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Max Cleland Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMax Cleland was born in 1942 in Atlanta, Georgia.  He earned a B.A. from Stetson University and a M.A. in history from Emory University in 1968.  After one year at Emory, he joined the Army to fight in the Vietnam War, reaching the rank of captain.  He served from 1965 to 1968, when he was injured by a grenade and lost both legs and his right arm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCleland began a life-long career in politics when he was elected to the Georgia state senate in 1970, the youngest member ever elected.  He served as a consultant to Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs (1975-1977) and was appointed head of the Veterans Administration in 1977 by President Carter.  He was the first Vietnam veteran to hold that post.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the end of Carter's presidential term, Cleland returned to Georgia and was elected as Georgia Secretary of State in 1982.  In this position, he was responsible for enforcing regulations related to commerce, industry and licensing in the state, maintaining the state's records, and overseeing elections.  He was re-elected for three more terms.  He resigned during the fourth term to run for U.S. Senate to replace retiring senator Sam Nunn.\nCleland, a Democrat, was elected to the Senate in 1996.  Among his contributions were working on campaign finance reform, military policy (including advocating caution with U.S. peacekeeping efforts in the Balkans), taxes, commerce, improved conditions for armed services personnel, maintaining a competitive air travel industry, and voting reform.  He was also part of a bipartisan panel that investigated the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the U.S.  Cleland represented Georgia in the Senate until 2002, when he lost a close race to Saxby Chambliss.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving the Senate, Cleland has remained active in politics, campaigning for Democrats and giving motivational speeches around the country.  Since 2009, he has served as Secretary of the American Battle Monuments Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:  \u003cextref actuate=\"onload\" href=\"http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/government-politics/max-cleland-b-1942\" show=\"new\"\u003eGrant, Chris. \"Max Cleland (b. 1942).\" New Georgia Encyclopedia. 26 August 2013. Web. 17 April 2014. \n\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Max Cleland was born in 1942 in Atlanta, Georgia.  He earned a B.A. from Stetson University and a M.A. in history from Emory University in 1968.  After one year at Emory, he joined the Army to fight in the Vietnam War, reaching the rank of captain.  He served from 1965 to 1968, when he was injured by a grenade and lost both legs and his right arm.","Cleland began a life-long career in politics when he was elected to the Georgia state senate in 1970, the youngest member ever elected.  He served as a consultant to Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs (1975-1977) and was appointed head of the Veterans Administration in 1977 by President Carter.  He was the first Vietnam veteran to hold that post.","Following the end of Carter's presidential term, Cleland returned to Georgia and was elected as Georgia Secretary of State in 1982.  In this position, he was responsible for enforcing regulations related to commerce, industry and licensing in the state, maintaining the state's records, and overseeing elections.  He was re-elected for three more terms.  He resigned during the fourth term to run for U.S. Senate to replace retiring senator Sam Nunn.\nCleland, a Democrat, was elected to the Senate in 1996.  Among his contributions were working on campaign finance reform, military policy (including advocating caution with U.S. peacekeeping efforts in the Balkans), taxes, commerce, improved conditions for armed services personnel, maintaining a competitive air travel industry, and voting reform.  He was also part of a bipartisan panel that investigated the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the U.S.  Cleland represented Georgia in the Senate until 2002, when he lost a close race to Saxby Chambliss.","After leaving the Senate, Cleland has remained active in politics, campaigning for Democrats and giving motivational speeches around the country.  Since 2009, he has served as Secretary of the American Battle Monuments Commission.","Source:   Grant, Chris. \"Max Cleland (b. 1942).\" New Georgia Encyclopedia. 26 August 2013. Web. 17 April 2014. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMax Cleland Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Max Cleland Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP.079-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection, ROGP 079 Max Cleland\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL213ZM_I-ead\"\u003eZell Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Collection, ROGP 079 Max Cleland Zell Miller Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002). Common subjects include public appearances, political campaigns, the military, veterans, small businesses, and the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMax Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials includes 31 betacam videocassettes, 5 betamax videocassettes, 19 CDs, 189 audiocassettes, five DVC Pro videocassettes, 8 DVDs, 2 MiniDV videocassettes, 1 phonodisc, 1 quarter-inch open reel audio tape, three super 8mm films, 62 Umatic videocassettes, 491 VHS videocassettes, one one-inch open reel video tape, and ten 8mm videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002). Common subjects include public appearances, political campaigns, the military, veterans, small businesses, and the Vietnam War.","Max Cleland Papers, Audiovisual Materials includes 31 betacam videocassettes, 5 betamax videocassettes, 19 CDs, 189 audiocassettes, five DVC Pro videocassettes, 8 DVDs, 2 MiniDV videocassettes, 1 phonodisc, 1 quarter-inch open reel audio tape, three super 8mm films, 62 Umatic videocassettes, 491 VHS videocassettes, one one-inch open reel video tape, and ten 8mm videocassettes."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eMax Cleland Papers at  the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library \u0026amp; Museum \u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eMax Cleland Collection at Stetson University Special Collections\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Max Cleland Papers at  the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library \u0026 Museum  Max Cleland Collection at Stetson University Special Collections"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIt is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to reproduce material for publication. Persons wishing to reproduce materials in the Russell Library collections should consult the Director. Reproduction or quotation of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to reproduce material for publication. Persons wishing to reproduce materials in the Russell Library collections should consult the Director. Reproduction or quotation of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_999f8e9103a7cb75d10125b80574b36f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Audiovisual Materials series contains video and audio in various formats that document all areas of Max Cleland's career, especially his service as Georgia Secretary of State (1882-1996) and U.S. Senator (1997-2002)."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Veterans Administration"],"names_ssim":["United States. Veterans Administration","Cleland, Max, 1942-2021"],"corpname_ssim":["United States. 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A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box IV.173","folder 39"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050409377\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050409377"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#549","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref15_bjv","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","unitdate_ssm":["1961-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records.","Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. ","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["98 box(es)"],"extent_tesim":["98 box(es)"],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.","A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSteve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dc4dc03bf2d2e3e3130ca765e4bf0f39\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. 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It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box III.3","folder 38"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050313579\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050313579"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#38","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_III_aspace_ref59_rnq","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_III","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_III","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_III","unitdate_ssm":["1974-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_III"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_III","Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia, 1974-1990","Speeches.","Legislators -- United States.","Legislative records.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Education -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Series III. Lieutenant Governor of Georgia is organized into the following subseries: A. Campaign, B. General Files, and C. Messer Files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","Series III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks. Campaign files include information about fundraising events as well as the campaign handbook for the 1978 race, clippings, and promotional materials, including the Miller Messenger newspaper and the Zellmobile. General Files include clippings and magazine articles as well as personal files involving trade missions to China and Greece in 1986 and research on courthouses around the state of Georgia. There are also personal notes and correspondence as well as copies of memoranda from the office of lieutenant governor and speeches made while Miller was in office. Six original political cartoons with personalized inscriptions by Clifford Baldowski of the Atlanta Journal Constitution are located in this series as are seventeen scrapbooks of clippings dating from 1975 to 1989. The Messer Files are those of Shirley Miller's executive assistant, Beverly Messer. They contain correspondence and news releases from Mrs. Miller's office as well as speeches that she gave and information regarding events she attended.","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-","Harris, Joe Frank, 1936-","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_III"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia, 1974-1990"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia, 1974-1990"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series III: Lieutenant Governor of Georgia, 1974-1990"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Speeches.","Legislators -- United States.","Legislative records.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Education -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Speeches.","Legislators -- United States.","Legislative records.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Education -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 box(es) (3 linear feet), including 17 scrapbooks and 6 cartoons"],"extent_tesim":["18 box(es) (3 linear feet), including 17 scrapbooks and 6 cartoons"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This series is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Lieutenant Governor of Georgia is organized into the following subseries: A. Campaign, B. General Files, and C. Messer Files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series III. Lieutenant Governor of Georgia is organized into the following subseries: A. Campaign, B. General Files, and C. Messer Files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks. Campaign files include information about fundraising events as well as the campaign handbook for the 1978 race, clippings, and promotional materials, including the Miller Messenger newspaper and the Zellmobile. General Files include clippings and magazine articles as well as personal files involving trade missions to China and Greece in 1986 and research on courthouses around the state of Georgia. There are also personal notes and correspondence as well as copies of memoranda from the office of lieutenant governor and speeches made while Miller was in office. Six original political cartoons with personalized inscriptions by Clifford Baldowski of the Atlanta Journal Constitution are located in this series as are seventeen scrapbooks of clippings dating from 1975 to 1989. The Messer Files are those of Shirley Miller's executive assistant, Beverly Messer. They contain correspondence and news releases from Mrs. Miller's office as well as speeches that she gave and information regarding events she attended.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks. Campaign files include information about fundraising events as well as the campaign handbook for the 1978 race, clippings, and promotional materials, including the Miller Messenger newspaper and the Zellmobile. General Files include clippings and magazine articles as well as personal files involving trade missions to China and Greece in 1986 and research on courthouses around the state of Georgia. There are also personal notes and correspondence as well as copies of memoranda from the office of lieutenant governor and speeches made while Miller was in office. Six original political cartoons with personalized inscriptions by Clifford Baldowski of the Atlanta Journal Constitution are located in this series as are seventeen scrapbooks of clippings dating from 1975 to 1989. The Messer Files are those of Shirley Miller's executive assistant, Beverly Messer. They contain correspondence and news releases from Mrs. Miller's office as well as speeches that she gave and information regarding events she attended."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eThomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eCharles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eHelen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab1e625c1f9b1c55e3a3408c17c86733\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series III. Lieutenant Governor documents Miller's service as Georgia's longest serving Lieutenant Governor, including promotional material from campaigns, speeches, clippings, correspondence, news releases, memoranda, political cartoons and scrapbooks."],"names_coll_ssim":["Carter, Jimmy, 1924-","Harris, Joe Frank, 1936-","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-","Harris, Joe Frank, 1936-","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Carter, Jimmy, 1924-","Harris, Joe Frank, 1936-","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Baldowski, Clifford H., 1917-1999","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":159,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"RBRL213ZM_III","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_III_aspace_ref98_f7l"}},{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref569_43e","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU, 1992 December- 1993 April","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref569_43e#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref569_43e","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref569_43e","aspace_ref569_43e"],"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref569_43e","title_filing_ssi":"Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU","title_ssm":["Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1992 December- 1993 April"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1992 December- 1993 April"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU, 1992 December- 1993 April"],"text":["Zell Miller, Memos to Zell Miller from Wrigley at GSU, 1992 December- 1993 April","box IV.173","folder 37","32108050409377"],"component_level_isim":[3],"parent_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","aspace_ref13_oqa","aspace_ref15_bjv"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref15_bjv","parent_ids_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref13_oqa","RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref15_bjv"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999","IV. Governor of Georgia, 1961-2000","C. Executive Assistants, 1961-1999"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999","IV. Governor of Georgia, 1961-2000","C. Executive Assistants, 1961-1999"],"parent_levels_ssm":["collection","Series","Unspecified"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":550,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to voter surveys and opponent research is restricted for 20 years from date of creation.  Restricted boxes are identified with an R before the box number. A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box IV.173","folder 37"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050409377\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050409377"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#547","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref15_bjv","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","unitdate_ssm":["1961-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records.","Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. ","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["98 box(es)"],"extent_tesim":["98 box(es)"],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.","A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSteve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dc4dc03bf2d2e3e3130ca765e4bf0f39\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. 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Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box VHS 0127","item ZM VHS 2749"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Resource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoving image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Moving image."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050536153\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050536153"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3256","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref13_hct","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IX","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IX","unitdate_ssm":["1974-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IX","Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials","Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3522 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["3522 item(s)"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThough this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Though this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eThomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eCharles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eHelen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ddb1ddc12eae21c2730c12b7b09d61c3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. 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Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3522 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["3522 item(s)"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThough this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Though this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eThomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eCharles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eHelen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ddb1ddc12eae21c2730c12b7b09d61c3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3527,"online_item_count_is":2,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IX","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref9801_lpx"}},{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref9840_mc8","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87, 1987 July 21","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref9840_mc8#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref9840_mc8","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref9840_mc8","aspace_ref9840_mc8"],"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref9840_mc8","title_filing_ssi":"Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1987 July 21"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1987 July 21"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87, 1987 July 21"],"text":["Zell Miller Mountain Parkway Opening 7/21/87, 1987 July 21","box VHS 0128","item ZM VHS 2768","Moving image.","32108050536146"],"component_level_isim":[2],"parent_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IX","aspace_ref13_hct"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref13_hct","parent_ids_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IX","RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref13_hct"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006","IX. 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Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box VHS 0128","item ZM VHS 2768"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access note"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Resource may be used under the guidelines described by the U.S. Copyright Office in Section 107, Title 17, United States Code (Fair use). Parties interested in production or commercial use of the resources should contact the Russell Library for a fee schedule."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMoving image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Moving image."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050536146\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050536146"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3275","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref13_hct","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IX","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IX","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IX","unitdate_ssm":["1974-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IX","Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials","Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IX"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974-2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IX: Audiovisual Material, 1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Campaign management -- United States.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Literacy -- Georgia.","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Audiovisual materials"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3522 item(s)"],"extent_tesim":["3522 item(s)"],"genreform_ssim":["Audiovisual materials"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThough this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Though this series is open for research, reference copies of the audiovisual recordings are available upon request. Research requests will be filled as soon as possible and will be dependent upon the condition of the recording."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IX. Audiovisual Material is organized by format.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Over 3,000 audiovisual materials in the collection include one and two inch video, betacam, VHS, CDs, DVDs, cassette tapes, mini-cassette tapes, reel-to-reel, and Umatic tape. These formats document inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta). The audiovisual material is organized by format."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eThomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eCharles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eHelen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ddb1ddc12eae21c2730c12b7b09d61c3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IX. Audiovisual Material documents inaugurations, public appearances, speeches, debates, interviews, press conferences, campaign commercials, television news mentions, and Miller's appearances on the television shows Lawmakers (on Georgia Public Broadcasting) and The Georgia Gang (on WAGA in Atlanta)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Busbee, George, 1927-2004","Murphy, Thomas Bailey, 1924-2007","Burson, William H. (Bill), 1928-1997.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3527,"online_item_count_is":2,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IX","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IX_aspace_ref9840_mc8"}},{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref944_b8q","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"[Zell Miller-News Clippings], 1975","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref944_b8q#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"aspace_ref944_b8q","ref_ssm":["aspace_ref944_b8q","aspace_ref944_b8q"],"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref944_b8q","title_filing_ssi":"[Zell Miller-News Clippings]","title_ssm":["[Zell Miller-News Clippings]"],"title_tesim":["[Zell Miller-News Clippings]"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1975"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975"],"normalized_title_ssm":["[Zell Miller-News Clippings], 1975"],"text":["[Zell Miller-News Clippings], 1975","box IV.215","folder 14","32108050409047"],"component_level_isim":[4],"parent_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","aspace_ref13_oqa","aspace_ref15_bjv","aspace_ref1319_b60"],"parent_ssi":"aspace_ref1319_b60","parent_ids_ssim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref13_oqa","RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref15_bjv","RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref1319_b60"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. 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Restricted boxes are identified with an R before the box number. A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"containers_ssim":["box IV.215","folder 14"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc type=\"barcode\"\u003e32108050409047\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["32108050409047"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#738/components#23","_nest_parent_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref1319_b60","_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants"],"ead_ssi":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","unitdate_ssm":["1961-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"text":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C","Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999","Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records.","Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary .","Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.","Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.","Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files","The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. ","Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma","Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.","The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"unitid_tesim":["RBRL213ZM_IV_C"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Zell Miller Papers, Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants, 1961-1999"],"repository_ssm":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"repository_ssim":["Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018"],"access_terms_ssm":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Atlanta (Ga.) -- Politics and government.","Campaign literature -- Democratic -- Georgia.","Political consultants -- United States.","Advertising, Political","Speeches.","Public lands -- Georgia.","Student aid -- Georgia.","Georgia -- Politics and government -- 1951-","Literacy -- Georgia.","Education -- Georgia.","Campaign paraphernalia -- Georgia.","Legislative records."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["98 box(es)"],"extent_tesim":["98 box(es)"],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use with the following exceptions:\nVoter Research files are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.\nCandidate Opposition files on rival candidates for public office are restricted for 20 years from the date of creation.","A box that includes restrictions will be open for research use after the restrictions have expired for all folders in that box."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online: \u003cextref actuate=\"onLoad\" href=\"http://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/sclfind/view?docId=ead/RBRL213ZM.xml\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003cunittitle\u003eZell Miller Papers: Collection Summary\u003c/unittitle\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization and Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C: Personal Assistants are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files.","Because of the size of this collection, the remainder of the series are described in separate finding aids. A collection summary, including links to each of these series finding aids, is available online:  Zell Miller Papers: Collection Summary ."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEchoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUpon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zell Bryan Miller was born on February 24, 1932 to Stephen Grady Miller, Dean of Young Harris College and former state senator (40th district, 1926-1928), and Birdie Bryan Miller, an art teacher at the same institution. Seventeen days after his son's birth, Stephen Miller passed away. Birdie Miller and their two children, Jane and Zell, remained in Young Harris until the onset of World War II, when they moved to Atlanta so that Mrs. Miller could work at the Bell Bomber plant making buckles for gas masks in support of the war effort. While there, Miller attended Williams Street Elementary School and Luckie Street Elementary School and developed a life-long love of baseball. ","At the end of the war, the Miller family moved back to Young Harris and Miller continued his education at Young Harris Academy, graduating in 1949. He continued on to Young Harris Junior College and graduated in 1951. During that time he met Shirley Ann Carver of Cherokee County, North Carolina, who was attending college in preparation for law school; they were married on January 15, 1954. Miller joined the United States Marine Corps in 1953 and spent three years in service. After basic training, he was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving in an artillery regiment and writing for the base newspaper, The Globe, and editing the regimental newspaper, The Cannoneer. He received the Good Conduct Medal and the Expert Rifleman's Medal and left the Marine Corps with the rank of sergeant. ","After receiving an honorable discharge in 1956, Miller entered the University of Georgia and was awarded a bachelor's (1957) and master's (1958) degree in history. During his time in Athens he held a variety of jobs, including tutor for members of the football team and cook at Allen's Hamburgers. After graduation he accepted a position teaching history and political science at Young Harris College and also served as faculty advisor for the Enotah Echoes and coached the baseball team.","Echoing his parents' civic involvement, Miller became active in local politics and was elected as Mayor of Young Harris in 1958. He won a seat in the state senate representing the 40th district (Towns, Union, and Rabun counties) in 1960 after making an agreement with college administrators that he could take off winter quarter to serve in the Capitol if he taught extra classes during the other quarters. During the 1961 and 1962 sessions, Miller served on the Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee, the County and Municipal Government Committee, and as secretary of the Educational Matters Committee.","In 1962, the county-unit system of voting in Georgia was abolished due to the judicial panel ruling of the Gray vs. Sanders lawsuit. The area that fell under Miller's representation changed from three counties to sections of eight (Towns, Union, Rabun, White, Habersham, Fannin, Gilmer, and Pickens counties). He won his seat again and was able to enter the session with seniority that might not have been afforded him had redistricting not taken place. His committee appointments in 1963 and 1964 were the Appropriations Committee, Educational Matters Committee, Rules Committee, and he acted as Chair of the Health and Welfare Committee.","Miller opted to run for the U.S. House of Representatives against Phil Landrum in the 1964 Democratic Primary to represent the ninth district. He lost by 5,176 votes according to the Georgia Statistical Register but carried Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Fannin, Forsythe, Gwinnett and Towns counties. The same year he served on the State Board for Children and Youth but resigned in 1965 to be the Director of the State Board of Probation. He ran against Landrum again in 1966 for the same congressional seat but lost the primary by a wider margin than two years earlier. ","Miller spent 1967 and 1968 serving as a personnel officer on the State Board of Corrections then becoming the assistant director until January 22, 1970. In 1969, Governor Lester Maddox appointed him to be his executive secretary after former Executive Secretary Tommy Irvin was named State Commissioner of Agriculture. Miller was concurrently selected to be the State Commissioner of Conservation, a post he held until 1970. He continued to work with Maddox through June of 1971, when he was named Executive Director of the Democratic Party of Georgia, a position he held until 1973. Miller represented the state of Georgia as a delegate at the 1972 Democratic National Convention in Miami. In April 1973, he took a position on the Board of Pardons and Parole. ","On December 31, 1973, Miller tendered his resignation to the Board in order to run for the office of Lieutenant Governor. Together, he and Shirley Miller spent 1974 campaigning around the state against nine other candidates including Max Cleland and J. B. Stoner. The Democratic Primary in August resulted in a run-off between Miller and Mary Hitt on September 3, 1974 in which he received 60.82% of the vote. In November he ran against Republican John Savage and won by almost 300,000 votes. ","Zell Miller's tenure as lieutenant governor lasted for sixteen years and was the longest term of any lieutenant governor in the state of Georgia's history. His successive terms of service in that position were also a first in the history of the office since its establishment in 1946. Miller's time in office was notably marked by his relationship with Thomas \"Tom\" Murphy, Speaker of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1973 to 2002. Their positions as leaders of the state senate and house, respectively, put them publicly at odds on numerous issues. Although both were Democrats, their personal leanings within the party also added to their differences as Miller was widely considered more progressive than Murphy. ","During his time in office, Miller worked on such projects and initiatives as opening previously closed senate committee meetings to the press and public, supporting the ratification of ERA, campaign finance reform, hand gun legislation, tax reform, welfare increase, and state-wide kindergarten programs. He and other top state officials began engaging in trade missions to countries such as Germany and Japan to generate interest in capital investments in the state. ","Miller's love of country music was well-known and proven by his repeated use of country music lyrics in his speeches as well as his use of music to support his campaigns, beginning with Whispering Bill Anderson in 1964. The annual Zell Miller Birthday Party, which began in 1968 as a small gathering featuring friends who were musicians, rose to its height in 1978 as a campaign fundraiser when Miller was running for his second term as lieutenant governor. He was a major supporter of a tape and record anti-piracy bill (sponsored by Representative Al Burns), which was signed into law by Governor George Busbee in 1975, and one of the biggest advocates for establishing the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. ","In 1980, Senator Herman Talmadge was up for reelection and Miller opted to run against him. Although he made it through the Democratic Primary and forced a run-off with Talmadge, their negative campaigns and a series of bitter debates cost Miller the party nomination and Talmadge the election (which he lost to Republican Mack Mattingly). In 1988, Miller decided to run for governor in the 1990 election. He assembled a campaign staff including Paul Begala, James Carville, Jim Andrews, Doug Kelly, Keith Mason, and Steve Wrigley. In the primary, Miller defeated Andrew Young and then Johnny Isakson in the general election. His chosen platform and the most important reform of his administration was the adoption of the state lottery. By law all lottery revenue had to be spent on education, and Miller directed the bulk of it to the HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally) Scholarship for students who had earned at least a B average and to improve technology in the schools and colleges. ","In addition to the lottery, Miller gained approval for an ethics bill that required lobbyists to report what they spend trying to influence legislation and set new limits on campaign financing, an anti-crime package, welfare reform, and \"boot camp\" prisons for non-violent criminals, mountain protection legislation and congressional reapportionment. He drew the ire of many Georgians for calling for a change in the state flag, which had flown since 1956, but was unsuccessful in his attempt. ","In 1994, Miller defeated Guy Millner in the general election and was elected to a second term as governor. One of the major hallmarks of his second term was the 1996 Centennial Olympic Games, which were held in Atlanta. His other achievements included abolishing sales tax for groceries, raising the salaries of teachers, and advocating the Preservation 2000 and RiverCare 2000 programs, which promoted state acquisition of undeveloped land and waterways for conservation and public access purposes. ","Miller's involvement with the Democratic National Party reached its zenith in the 1990s. His friendship with Arkansas Governor and later President Bill Clinton placed him in a position to influence the party. Miller introduced his 1990 campaign advisor James Carville to Clinton and also gave the keynote at the 1992 Democratic National Convention. He was also active in drafting the party platform in 1996.","Upon leaving the Governor's Mansion in January of 1999, Miller accepted adjunct teaching positions at the University of Georgia, Emory University, and Young Harris College. In June of 2000, Republican United States Senator Paul Coverdell died and Governor Roy Barnes appointed Miller to the vacant seat in July. He won a special election in November of 2000 to remain in Washington, D.C. and finish Coverdell's original term, promising to fulfill the late senator's conservative objectives. It is widely noted that Miller did this in his service in the Senate through his increased support of the Republican Party, which culminated in his keynote address at the 2004 Republican National Convention in support of President George W. Bush. He also authored two books critiquing the Democratic Party, A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat (2004) and A Deficit of Decency (2005).","Miller authored several other books outside of his political career. They include: The Mountains Within Me (1975), Great Georgians (1983), They Heard Georgia Singing (1985), Corps Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned In the Marines (1997), Listen to This Voice: Selected Speeches of Governor Zell Miller (1999), The Miracle of Brasstown Valley (2007), and Purt Nigh Gone: The Old Mountain Ways (2009).","Miller passed away on March 23, 2018 at his home in Young Harris, GA from complications of Parkinson's Disease."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zell Miller Papers, Richard B. Russell Library for Political Research and Studies, University of Georgia Libraries, Athens, Georgia, 30602-1641."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Notes"],"processinfo_tesim":["Clippings and thermofax papers have been copied onto bond paper for protection of content. Photographs, artifacts, oversized items, and audiovisual materials have been separated for preservation. Scrapbooks have been microfilmed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL244BBM-ead\"\u003eBirdie Bryan Miller Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL220ROGP-ead\"\u003eReflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL250KM-ead\"\u003eKeith Mason Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL206WHB-ead\"\u003eWilliam H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL008CHB-ead\"\u003eClifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL022TGLM-ead\"\u003eThomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL030BS-ead\"\u003eBill Shipp Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL051CHBLM-ead\"\u003eClifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL057DPG-ead\"\u003eDemocratic Party of Georgia Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL065ELJ-ead\"\u003eEd Jenkins Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL075GB-ead\"\u003eGeorge Busbee Collection\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL194TRW-ead\"\u003eT. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL124JFH-ead\"\u003eJoe Frank Harris Papers\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n        \u003carchref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle id=\"RBRL176RHRF-ead\"\u003eRichard Hyatt Research Files\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/archref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in this Repository"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Birdie Bryan Miller Papers Reflections on Georgia Politics Oral History Series Keith Mason Papers William H. (Bill) Burson Scrapbooks Clifford (Baldy) Baldowski Editorial Cartoons Thomas Gresham Collection of Lester Maddox Speeches Bill Shipp Papers Clifford H. Brewton Collection of Lester Maddox Speech/Press Records Democratic Party of Georgia Papers Ed Jenkins Papers George Busbee Collection T. Rogers Wade Collection of Herman E. Talmadge Materials Joe Frank Harris Papers Richard Hyatt Research Files"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSteve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The executive assistant files are organized into Keith Mason files, Steve Wrigley files, and Beverly Messer files. Keith Mason served as Miller's Executive Secretary from January 1991 to July 1993 and Deputy Campaign Manager for the 1990 gubernatorial campaign. He also worked on Miller's earlier campaigns in the 1970s and 1980s and his files document these events. ","Steve Wrigley worked as Miller's Executive Assistant in 1988 and continued on as a member of his campaign staff during the 1990 election. He then became Senior Executive Assistant in Miller's administration and was promoted to Executive Secretary when Mason resigned in 1993, remaining in that position until the end of Miller's second term in 1998. Wrigley also acted as Chief of Staff to Miller's second gubernatorial campaign in 1994. Wrigley's files are very similar to Miller's executive files in Series IV, sub-series E (Personal Political Files) as both are a mix of subject research, correspondence, and clippings. Wrigley's files contain a great deal of information generated by the 1994 campaign, including voter surveys and opposition files. ","Beverly Messer first served as Shirley Miller's executive assistant when Zell Miller served as Lieutenant Governor. Messer moved with Miller to the Governor's Mansion and her files document their work on literacy, promoting GEDs, and breast cancer awareness as well as speeches and public appearances Shirley Miller made. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eLester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://find.sos.state.ga.us/archon/\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eGeorgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003eJoseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.library.gsu.edu/spcoll\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n        \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ou.edu/pccenter/PCC_Update_09/PCC_Home.html\"\u003e\n          \u003cunittitle\u003e, Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma\u003c/unittitle\u003e\n        \u003c/extref\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Collections in Other Repositories"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Lester Maddox Photographs, Atlanta History Center , Georgia Lieutenant Governor's Office, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives Georgia Office of the Governor, Zell Miller, Georgia Archives , Georgia Political Heritage Program, University of West Georgia , Thomas B. Murphy Collection, University of West Georgia Joseph Elvin Duncan Papers, University of West Georgia , Charles H. Prout research materials on Georgia governors, Georgia Historical Society , Helen Bullard Papers, Emory University , Georgia Government Documentation Project, Georgia State University , Zell Miller Commercials, Political Commercial Archive, University of Oklahoma"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLibrary acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBefore material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["User Restrictions","Copyright Information"],"userestrict_tesim":["Library acts as \"fair use\" reproduction agent.","Before material from collections at the Richard B. Russell Library may be quoted in print, or otherwise reproduced, in whole or in part, in any publication, permission must be obtained from (1) the owner of the physical property, and (2) the holder of the copyright. It is the particular responsibility of the researcher to obtain both sets of permissions. Persons wishing to quote from materials in the Russell Library collection should consult the Director. Reproduction of any item must contain a complete citation to the original."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dc4dc03bf2d2e3e3130ca765e4bf0f39\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Zell Miller Papers document Miller's forty-five year career in Georgia politics, including his service as a U.S. Senator (2000-2005), Governor of Georgia (1991-1999), Lieutenant Governor of Georgia (1975-1991), Executive Director of the Georgia Democratic Party (1971-1973), member of the State Boards of Pardons and Paroles, Probation, and Children and Youth (1964-1973), Executive Secretary to Governor Lester Maddox (1969-1971), State Senator (1961-1965), and Mayor of Young Harris, Georgia (1959-1960). Series IV. Governor of Georgia, Subseries C. Personal Assistants includes the files of Keith Mason, Steve Wrigley, and Beverly Messer."],"names_coll_ssim":["Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"names_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Clinton, Bill, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946-","Miller, Zell Bryan, 1932-2018","Howard, Pierre, 1943-","Talmadge, Herman E. (Herman Eugene), 1913-2002"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1140,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"_root_":"RBRL213ZM_IV_C","timestamp":"2026-04-22T06:21:06.490Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/RBRL213ZM_IV_C_aspace_ref944_b8q"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Online Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":24476},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog/facet/access.json"}},{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Hargrett Library","value":"Hargrett Library","hits":350744},"links":{"self":"https://sclfind.libs.uga.edu/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hargrett+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richard B. 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